Controlling Spread of Hantavirus

Table of Contents

A. Isolation and Quarantine Requirements

None.

B.  Protection of Contacts of a Case

 None.

C. Managing Special Situations

Reported Incidence Is Higher than Usual/Outbreak Suspected

If any cases of Hantavirus infection are reported in your county or if an outbreak is suspected, investigate to determine the source of infection and mode of transmission. Consult with an epidemiologist at CADE at (800) 362-2736. CADE can help determine a course of action to prevent further cases and perform surveillance for cases that may cross several county lines and therefore be difficult to identify at a local level.

D. Preventive Measures

Environmental Measures

The best way to prevent HPS is to eliminate or minimize human contact with rodents.

  • Clear brush, grass, and garbage from around building foundations to eliminate a source of nesting materials. Keep tight-fitting lids on all garbage.
  • Use metal flashing around the base of wooden, earthen or adobe dwellings to provide a strong metal barrier.
  • Seal all entry holes one-fourth inch wide or wider with lath screen or lath metal, cement, wire screening or other patching materials, inside and out.
  • Elevate hay, woodpiles and garbage cans to eliminate possible nesting sites.
  • Use an EPA-approved rodenticide with bait under plywood or plastic shelter along baseboards, or trap and properly dispose of rodents. Live trapping of rodents is not recommended.
  • Clean all food-preparation areas. Store all food (both human and pet) in rodent-proof containers.
  • Do not leave open bowls of pet food outside. Discard any uneaten pet food properly at the end of the day.

Preventive Measures/Education

People involved in cleaning rodent-contaminated areas should keep the following in mind:

  • Clean droppings using a wet method, rather than a dry method such as sweeping or vacuuming. Spray disinfectant, such as dilute bleach, prior to cleaning and use a wet mop or towels moistened with disinfectant to clean.  This prevents dust from being produced.
  • Work in well-ventilated areas.  If possible before cleaning areas that have been closed for prolonged periods, open windows and allow to air out for 24 hours before initiating cleaning.
  • In areas of heavy infestation gloves, dust-mist masks, long-sleeved clothing, and protective eyewear may help prevent exposure.

Iowa Dept. of Public Health, Reviewed 7/15